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GETTYSBURG 

HE Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1, 2, and 3, 1863, between the Army of the 
Potomac commanded by General George G. Meade and the Army of Northern Virginia 
under the leadership of General Robert E. Eee. On the green fields of a quiet little 
Pennsylvania town, the irreconcilable difference of opinion which had arrayed the North 
and the South in hostile armies was settled by bloody combat in favor of a continuance 
of a Federal Union of inseparable States. Although the refusal of a brave and stubborn 
people to acknowledge defeat prolonged the struggle for nearly two years more, Gettys- 
burg was the decisive field of the Civil War, and is so recognized by the National Gov- 
ernment which has acquired the control and care of the old battleground. Here the 
various States and veteran organizations have erected over six hundred monuments and 
markers in honor of the heroic dead, and to define the lines of liattle. 
The exact number of men engaged at Gettysburg has always been in dispute, but it is 
estimated that General Meade had an effective force at his disposal of about 83,000 men 
and 327 guns. General Lee actually fought about 69,000 men and 250 guns. During 
the three days' fight the Union losses were 23,049 
the Confederate loss aggregated 23,029; a total of 
whole number of men on the field . 

The battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville had inspired the Southerners with a 
belief in the invincibility of their troops, and an invasion of the North was the natural 
result of their desire to compel a recognition of the demands, of the vSouth. The Army 
of Northern Virginia, therefore, started on its second attempt to carry the war into the 
loyal states and marched northward from Fredericksburg, June 2, 1863. The movement 
was pushed forward with energy and by the latter part of the month the different corps 
of the Confederate army had occupied many interior towns of Pennsylvania, including 
Carlisle and York, and had penetrated to the surlnirbs of Harrisburg, the capital of the 
State. 

Meanwhile the Union army under General Hooker had started in pursuit and was march- 
ing parallel to Lee's right flank, keeping between the enemy and Washington. The 
armies avoided coming into direct collision for several days. On the night of the 30th, 
General Meade, who had succeeded Hooker ordered General Reynolds, commanding the 
First and Eleventh corps, to occupy Gettysburg. It so happened that Lee, fearing his 
corps were too scattered, had ordered the commanders to turn southward and concen- 
trate near the same town. Following out their several instructions the advanced bodies 
f both armies clashed a few miles northwest of Gettysburg on the morning of the 1st of 

After his defeat Lee 



killed, wounded and missing, and 
43,089, or nearly one-third of the 



o. 

July. The story of the battle is told with the views in this bool 
retired across the Potomac. • .'. 



PUBLISHED BY 



W. H. TIPTON, 



GETTYSBURG. PA. 



COPYRIGHT. I906. 1909. BY L. H. NELSON CO.— 20TH THOUS. 



PHOTOGRAPHS, W. H TIPTON, GETTYSBURG. 



3 ^i- Q Q c- £• 




McPHERSON'S FARM, CHAMBERSBURG PIKE. FIRST DAY 

t T 1 1 lOK'j fl,. =rl„=,nrp nf the Cnnf ederates alon'» the Chambersburg Pike, shown in this view running parallel to the railroad cut. 

At 8,30 on the morning of July l.,1863, the advance °» '^e "-onlederates alon tne „allant cavalrymen held the enemy at bay until the arrival of Reynolds 

was discovered by scouts of Buford s Cavalry, With the,aid of a battery ol artillery tne ana ^t^^^^ y marked by the white memorials, but fresh 

with infantry and artillery "'"f°"'!'"f"'^i, J'^^!, °"f X' tide of war" o of afong the who = northe?" front of the town. Late in "ihe afternoon Ewell's corps over- 

wSXedThe'^Unlo;" Hlhf\T/fo"ce''d"h "o"etr«T'thr';ugh''thi Tt^eets ofcetTylburg. The line held by the left was untenable and it retired doggedly to Cemetery 




WHERE GENERAL REYNOLDS WAS KILLED. FIRST DAY 
The cavalrymen had exhausted their carbine ammunition and were holding the line with Colt revolvers when Reynolds arrived at 10 o'clock with Wadsworth's 
division and Hall's Second Maine Battery. The new line was barely formed before the Confederates struck it in force. General Reynolds rode forward to better 
observe the field. Animated by his presence Meredith's "Iron Brigade" charged, turned the enemy's right, and captured the Confederate general Archer, and a large 
part of his command. Cutler's men drove the rebels under Davis from the railroad cut. pell-mell. It was a brilliant opening to the great battle, but cost the life 
of Reynolds, who. while directing operations from the clump of trees near the McPherson Farm, was shot and almost instantly killed. The grove is now known 
as "Reynolds' Woods." 




DEATH OF GENERAL REYNOLDS. FIRST DAY 

had ridden forward to personally examine the ground. While turning 
the head by a Confederate sharpshooter, fell from his horse and died 



Copyright, 1889, W. H. Tipton. 
Maior General John F. Reynolds was the officer of highest rank killed at Gettysburg. He hi 

frnm side to side in his saddle, anxious to hasten the advance of the troops, he was shot in — -.-., ,-.,.-• , •■ » . » .u t 11 j .u 

thou speaking General Reynolds had impressed the army and the authorities at Washington with h,s ab.hty and an appomtment to the full command, on the 
moval of Hooker a few days before, had gone over him to Meade by the merest chance. At the fme of h,s death General Reyno ds was commanding the left 
ng of the a?my He was succeeded by General Abner Doubleday, who stubbornly held the line on the left during the day and only retired when his right was 



wing 01 the army 

uncovered by Ewell's success, 




ARTILLERY GOING INTO ACTION. FIRST DAY 
The efficient work of Calef's battery A. Second United States Artillery, was an important aid to the cavalry in holding the long line for two hours. With 
General Reynolds came Hall's Second Maine battery which swung into position on the Chambersburg Pike and relieved Calef. Hall's battery was imperiled by 
a retrograde movement of the infantry at one stage and after fighting with canister at close range was forced to withdraw in sections with severe loss. It was 
replaced by Reynolds' battery. Later. Colonel Wainwright, commanding the corps artillery, planted the guns at the foot of Seminary Ridge, with Stewart's battery 
to the north of it. From this position Stewart raked the final Confederate advance and inflicted heavy loss. When retiring Wainwright was pressed hard, but only 
lost one gun. 




THE PEACH ORCHARD. SECOND DAY 
The armies spent the night of July 1st in preparing for battle. Troops and artillery were hurried into position. Both commanders decided to stand their ground, 
orning found the Union army momentarily expectmg an attack, but it was not until four in the afternoon that Longstreet's corps was launched at the Federal 
The open field directly in front of the large white building (the Trostle barn) in the center of the view, is the Peach Orchard, Here iickles' advanced posi- 
tion bore the brunt of the first attack. It was the scene of terrific fighting. The first assaults of the enemy were repulsed, but towards six o'clock, after a bloody 
conflict, the angle was broken in. Sickles was severely wounded, and the Federals fell back slowly, fighting every inch of the way. 



M 
left. 




THE LOOP. SECOND DAY 
The Loop, the knob covered with monuments in the view, is located to the left and rear of the Peach Orchard. Here Barnes held the Union line and sustained 
the attacks of Kershaw's South Carolina brigade sent by Longstreet to take the Peach Orchard in reverse. The assault was most desperate and with a strength 
at least double that of the defenders. The struggle was persistent and bloody, but the Fifth corps' men were finally forced back and the enemy struck the flank 
of de Trobriand's brigade holding the Wheatfield line. It was a costly gain. After the battle the bodies of over fifteen hundred Confederate dead were gathered 
in front of this position and buried in trenches near the Rose house from which this view was taken. 




THE WHEATFIELD. SECOND DAY 
The advance of McLaw"s and Hood's divisions engaged the Union forces in the Wheatfield. a position further left and in the rear of the Peach Orchard. The 
attack at this point was resisted firmly during several hours of hard fighting. The Federal lines were assaulted repeatedly without gain. After Barksdale had 
pushed back the Union regiments from the Peach Orchard, Kershaw's and Wofford's brigades fell on the right flank of the heroic defenders of the Wheatfield, 
drove them out, and advanced the Confederate line to the Plum Run valley, west of Little Round Top. Here the victorious enemy was met by a charge of three 
brigades of the Fifth and Sixth Corps. When darkness closed the battle, the Confederates held possession of the southern and western sides of this dearly won field. 




DEVIL'S DEN, 



SECOND DAY 
Smith's Fourth New York battery. 



This mass or rock, within easy range of Little Round Top. was defended by Smith's Fourth New York battery. As the exuhant Confederates pushed back the 
Union line they carried the Devil's Den and captured three of Smith's guns. The position was immediately occupied by the enemy's sharpshooters, who opened a 
deadly iire upon the Federals defending Little Round Top. Their practice was so accurate that Hazletfs battery, which had been dragged to the summit, could not 
be used with effect. In one instance three gunners were picked off before the fourth succeeded in firing the piece, and General "Weed and Lieutenant Hazlett were 
both shot dead. The Federal sharpshooters in turn reduced the Confederate fire and the artillery vigorously shelled the Den. Sixty-eight dead Confederates were 
found among these boulders. 



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LOOKING TOWARD LITTLE ROUND TOP FROM DEVIL'S DEN. SECOND DAY 
This wild ground was savagely contested as the victorious Confederates attempted to sieze Little Round Top. Their preliminary movements had been observed by 
General Warren, chief engineer of the Union army, in time to call upon the brigades of Weed and Vincent, and Hazlett's battery, for the defence of the summit. 
Colonel Strong Vincent, 83d Pennsylvania, fell mortally wounded at the head of a charge which drove the enemy over the boulders to the ravine below. At the 
extreme left McLaw's Alabama brigade took the crest of Big Round Top, but was hurled headlong from the adjoining slope of Little Round Top by the Twentieth 
Maine. Big Round Top was retaken during the night. The Confederates clung to the woods and rocks at the base of the two hills. It marked the limit of their 
advance against the Union left. 




LITTLE AND BIG ROUND TOPS. SECOND DAY 
The rocky eminence of Little Round Top was a natural fortification whose defensive and strategic value was quickly noted by the practiced eye of General 
Warren. The fighting in this vicinity did not cease until nine in the evening. The ground was covered with the dead and wounded of the combatants. It is not to 
be wondered at that the valley in front through which meanders Plum Run should be known as the "Valley of Death," and the base and left slope of Little Round 
Top as the "Slaughter Pen." The firing had been so heavy that trees were actually cut off by bullets, the ragged edges proving the fact. A fine road built by the 
government now winds about the base of the Round Tops. It connects with similar roads which skirt the line of the Union front along Cemetery Ridge to the ex- 
treme right. 




Copyright. 1889, W. H. Tipton. THE WHIRLPOOL IN THE WHEATFIELD. SECOND DAY 

The fighting in the Wheatfield took on the character of a savage and destructive whirlpool shortly after six o'clock, as successive charges of hostile regiments 
which advanced, then retired, and then fought in circles in an endeavor to outmaneuver and outflank each other, gave the conflict that resemblance. Often the 
combatants came to close quarters and withering volleys were exchanged with terrible effect. Here fell the brave General Zook while gallantly leading the Third 
Brigade in person. When darkness came, the field of growing wheat that had looked so fair in the morning was trampled and bloody, and covered with the bodies 
of the slain and sorely wounded. It is estimated that more blood was shed in the Peach Orchard and Wheatfield than upon any other tract of equal size in 
America. 







Copyright. 1889. W. H. Tipton. CHARGE OF THE PENNSYLVANIA RESERVES. SECOND DAY 

It was growing dark, but the success of the Confederates in pushing back the Union line inspired them to greater efforts. Their skirmishers advanced across 
the Valley of Death. This movement was met by a brilliant charge of the Pennsylvania Reserves who swept over the valley and sent the enemy scurrying back to 
the recesses of the woods. It was accomplished in the face of a wicked musketry fire and effectually stopped the forward movement of the Confederates for the 
second day of battle. The Pennsylvanians under arms at Gettysburg consisted of sixty-eight regiments of infantry, nine regiments of cavalry, and seven batteries 
of artillery. They resented the presence of the enemy on the soil of their State and fought with patriotic ardor. Fifty-eight hundred and ninety-one were among 
the killed, wounded and missing. 



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UNION WORKS ON GULP'S HILL. SECOND DAY 
Ewell had been ordered to strike the Union ri^ht when he heard the sound of Lonostreefs guns attacking the left. After a lively artillery duel in which the 
Federal guns posted on Cemetery Hill silenced their opponents, Johnson's brigade was sent against Greene entrenched on Culn's Hill. The fighting took on a 
determined character for three hours, but reinforcements coming up, Greene succeeded in beating off every assault of the enemy. Johnson only retained a foothold on 
Culp's Hill, where a portion of the Twelfth Corns, ordered to other parts of the line, had vacated its trenches. These troops returned during the night, and the 
next morning ousted Johnson after a bitter conflict. The view shows the old Union works yet in existence, extending toward Stevens' Knoll. 




EAST CEMETERY HILL FROM STEVENS' KNOLL. SECOND DAY 
When Johnson engaged Gulp's Hill, Early's division formed in the streets of Gettysburg for an attack at about 7.30 in the evening. It advanced along Bloody 
Lane, concealed by the trees in the right middle distance of the view, and led by Hay's "Louisiana Tigers." charged the Union line on East Cemetery Hill, the 
eminence crowned by the tower. The column was broken by a terrible enfilade fire from Stevens' Fifth Maine battery on the knoll in the foreground and also 
from the 33d Massachusetts infantry stationed near the marker in the center of the view, but fought desperately on and overran Wiederich's and Rickett's batteries 
near the brow of the bill. A savage rally of artillerymen with pistols, handspikes, rammers, and even stones and fence rails recovered the guns, and the Confederates 
were driven to their lines. 



V 







THE BLOODY ANGLE— WHERE PICKETT 
On the third day Lee determined to smash the Union center and assigned the task to Longstreet's corps. About one o'clock in the afternoon one hundred and 
eighty Confederate guns opened fire, to which one hundred and forty pieces of Federal artillery gave reply. This terrific duel lasted for two hours. The fire of 
the Confederates searched the Federal lines and eleven caissons were blown up. to the great joy of the enemy. Near three o'clock General Hunt, chief of artillery 
on the Union side, gave the order "Cease firing" to avoid a further waste of ammunition. The silence of the guns was mistaken by the Confederates as indicating 
a lack of projectiles. The assaulting column, which had been forminq; in the woods in the center background of this view, deplored into sight, and fifteen thousand 
strong, began the famous charge. 




STRUCK THE LINE. THIRD DAY 

Across the fifteen hundred yards which separated the two armies, Pickett's men advanced as if on parade. The Federal artillery re-opened with shot and shell 
and, as they came nearer, the deadly canister, but the Confederates moved forward without a waver. They divided about Codori house shown in the center of the 
view. The Union rifle fire now tore their front pitilessly, and Stannard's Vermont brigade volleyed at their right flank. Led by Generals Armstead and Garnett. they 
kept on and struck the Federal line along the stone wall across the middle of this view. A wild hand-to-hand struggle ensued. Garnett was killed at the wall. 
Armistead penetrated beyond, only to fall mortally wounded. Without leaders the Confederates were overwhelmed and beaten, and only a comparative few regained 




Copyright. 1889, W. H. Tipton. THE ARTILLLERY DUEL. HANCOCK'S RIDE ALONG THE LINE. THIRD DAY 

When the two signal guns boomed at one o'clock the whole Confederate line burst into a sheet of flame. The Federals were not slow in coming back and Big 
Round Top to Cemetery Hill blazed like a volcano. Deadly missiles from three hundred and forty guns shrieked and tore their way through the air. Under the 
hot July sun the artillery men on both sides served their pieces unflinchingly, although the loss of men and horses at some points was horrifying. During the 
height of the artillery duel General Winfield S. Hancock, commanding the Union center, rode calmly along the line steadying the men and preparing the infantry 



ll^;ight of the artillery ...l^^.. «^..^.« ^.v. --. -- ^ — - - . .. - i ■ ^u 

for the grand assault sure to follow. General Hancock was severely wounded later in the day while engaged in throw 
tween Pickett and his right support. 



Stannard's Vermonters into a gap 



ry 
be- 




Copyright, 1889. W. H. Tipton. THE FIGHT AT THE BLOODY ANGLE. THIRD DAY 

The Union artillery planted at and near the Bloody Angle threw double canister into the ranks of the oncoming Confederates, but could not stop them. Lieutenant 
Cushing. holding a gaping wound with one hand, helped to run his piece nearer the wall with the other, and. as he fell, discharged the gun and blew a hole in the 
enemy's line. As the yelling Confederates leaped the wall, the intrepid Federal infantry rose and met them with bayonets, clubbed rifles and with fists, but were 
whirled back by the impetuosity of the assault. Fresh Union supports rushed in from all sides. The enemy was shot, bayonetted and clubbed along the front and 
on each flank. No living men could endure such punishment. Whole companies gave up in despair and only disorganized stragglers returned to the Army of 
Northern Virginia. 




THE HIGH WATER MARK AND COPSE OF TREES. 
This impressive monument, in design supporting an open book inscribed with the names of all commands participating in the desperate charge of Longstreet's 
corps and its repulse, marks the furthest point within the Union lines reached by the brave Confederates. The copse of trees back of the monument was pointed 
out to his men by the gallant Pickett as the spot where they were to pierce the Federal center. The monument is well-named the High Water Mark. Here the 
wave of rebellion and invasion broke and receded before the rock of Northern valor and never again threatened free soil. The failure of Pickett's charge was no 
discredit to the fighting ability of the men of the South. Their military honor was not tarnished by defeat; but from that hour the Confederate cause felt the 
shadow of Appomattox. 




FRONT OF LITTLE ROUND TOP 
Little Round Top, which figures so prominently in the story of Gettysburg, occupies a commanding position affording a splendid point from which to obtain a 
comprehensive idea of the topography of the battlefield. The statue of General Warren marks where that brave officer stood on the afternoon of the second day, 
and noted the flash of bayonets as Hood's Division marched through the woods back of Devil's Den hoping to reach a favorable position against the Federal 
left unobserved by the Union signal station on this hill. General Warren assumed the responsibility of ordering a battery into position barely in time to withstand 
the attack. The trees in the left are on the slope leading to the ravine from which emerged Law's Alabama brigade, after sweeping over Big Round Top. Devil's 
Den, in front of this position was occupied by the Confederate advance, and filled with sharpshooters, but all attempts of the enemy to cross the valley were 
repulsed. 




THE BATTLEFIELD FROM LITTLE ROUND TOP. NORTHWEST VIEW 
The open field dotted with monuments, in front of the trees in the left of this view, is the famous Wheatfield. Beyond the trees appears the white Trostle barn 
and the Peach Orchard, where near six o'clock of the terrible second day of the battle, the fire of sixty Confederate guns were concentrated upon the salient 
angle held by Sickles. The open space at the right elbow of the statue is the ground from which Pickett's division charged on the third day to meet destruction at 
the Bloody Angle, near the tall shaft of the Stannard Monument gleaming near the upper right corner of the view. The two small markers among the boulders 
at the left of the statue locate where General Weed and Lieutenant Hazlett were shot by sharpshooters concealed in Devil's Den. 




BATTLEFIELD FROM BIG ROUND TOP. LOOKING NORTH 
This view from the observatory on Big Round Top carries the eye over Little Round Top and along the Union Hne on Cemetery Rtdge, with the scene of Pickett's 
charge in the left background. Cemetery Hill and Gulp's Hill, held by the Union right against Ewell's assaults from the north, appear clearly below the right 
horizon. The Federal line, bending like a huge fish-hook toward the east, extended over four miles. It was firmly held by the determined Army of the Potomac. 
After the battle, the dead Confederates in front of the Union position were buried in great trenches, but were disinterred nine years later and re-buried in the 
South. Hundreds of dead horses were collected in great heaps and buried. 




HEADQUARTERS OF THE COMMANDERS 
General Meade established his headquarters during the night after the first day's battle in a small frame cottage on the west side of the Taneytown Road, back of 
Cemetery Hill. The fighting on the second and third days was directed from here. During the cannonade preliminary to Pickett's charge, exploding shells dropped 
on all sides of the house and killed twenty-seven horses of the headquarters' guard. A fine equestrian statue of General Meade now marks the spot to which he 
rode forward and witnessed the retreat of Picketts' men. General Lee accompanied the advance of his army along the Chambersburg Pike. His headquarters 
during the battle were in a little stone house on that road about one-half mile west of Gettysburg. Both of these buildings are carefully preserved. 




VETERANS OF 1863 
In the dooryard of the Sherfy buildings on the Emmitsburg Road near the Peach Orchard is yet standing an old cherry tree with a ten-pound solid shot em- 
bedded in its trunk, an interesting relic of the great battle. On Gulp's Hill, many bullet-scarred trees yet bear witness to the severity of the ftre at that point. At 
the close of the war the scene of the conflict at Gulp's Hill was covered by a forest of dead trees, the leaden bullets having proven as fatal to them as to the soldiers 
whose bodies were once thickly strewn beneath. It is estimated upon good authority that almost six hundred tons of deadly missiles were interchanged during the 
three days' battle. All along the lines between the opposing forces the trees were literally peppered with bullets and many great trunks were severed. 




VIEW OF THE GENERAL HOSPITAL. GETTYSBURG 
The view of the General Hospital at Gettysburg is of especial interest as a reproduction of a photogrpah taken in 1863. immediately after the great battle. 
The hospital tents were located in the rear of the position along Cemetery Ridge, beyond the zone of danger. Here, during the conflict, the surgeons, bared to the 
elbow, plied their gory knives until overcome by exhaustion. Nearly fifteen thousand wounded were reported on the returns of the Army of the Potomac, and 
almost an equal number in the army of General Lee. The decorations on the hospital tents were placed there by the women connected with the United States 
Christian and Sanitary Commissions, auxiliary to the General Hospital, in an effort to relieve to some extent the horror of the scenes. 




Copyright. 1888. W. H. Tipton. JOHN BURNS. THE OLD HERO OF GETTYSBURG 

John Burns, a citizen of Gettysburg, over seventy years old, seized a musket at the approach of the Confederates and offered his services to Colonel Wister of 
the 150th Pennsylvania against the foe invading the town. He was advised to fight in the woods but preferred the open line and joined the skirmishers of the 7th 
Wisconsin. "Iron Brigade." He was wounded in three places and lay all night upon the field of the first day's fight within the lines of the enemy. The views 
show his home, taken in 1863. with the old hero on the porch, before he had recovered from his wounds, also the fine statue erected in his honor on the field of 
battle. A bronze tablet set into the face of the pedestal of native stone tells the story of his services, taken from the official report of Major General Abner 
Doubleday. 





REYNOLD'S STATUE. NATIONAL CEMETERY 
Major General John F. Reynolds was a favorite son of the State of Pennsylvania. 
His death at the beginning of the battle was widely mourned not only in his 
native State, but through the country. It was Reynolds who observed the availa- 
bility of Cemetery Ridge for defense, and he had sent an orderly urging Meade to 
accept battle at Gettysburg, just before his death. His promptitude and gallantry 
determined the decisive field of the war. 



MONUMENT OF SECOND MARYLAND (CONFEDERATE) REGIMENT 

This striking memorial, located on Gulp's Hill, is the only monument on the 
field of Gettysburg marking the position of a Confederate organization. The second 
Maryland regiment was with Stuart's brigade of the old "Stonewall" division. 
Maryland was represented by no other regimental organization in the Army of 
Northern Virginia at the time of the battle. 




SOME GETTYSBURG MEMORIALS 
The position of every Union organization and of some of the Confederate commands participating in the battle of Gettysburg has been marked by beautiful 
memorials, of which the monument at the left of this group is an example. This in particular designates the position held by the 74th Pennsylvania during the 
first day's fight. It is located on Howard Avenue, north of the town. The stone in the center view marks the spot in the Bloody Angle where Lieutenant Gushing, 
as he pitched forward mortally wounded, discharged his piece by the weight of his body. The Hancock memorial, shown at the right, stands upon the spot where 
General Winfield S. Hancock, commanding the Union center, was severely wounded during the repulse of Pickett's charge. 





NEW YORK STATE MONUMENT 
Located within the National Cemetery, this dignified and artistic memorial 
excites the admiration of all visitors. It is a worthy rival in size and beauty to 
the great National Monument. It was erected in honor of the eight hundred and 
sixty-seven New York soldiers who were killed during the three days' struggle 
and are buried here. 



This 



THE NATIONAL MONUMENT 
grand monument is the center-piece of the National Cemetery, and stands 



upon the identical spot where President Lincoln delivered the well-known "Gettys- 
burg Address." November 19. 1863. It is crowned with a white marble statue of 
the Genius of Victory. The base is flanked by four statues typical of Peace, War, 
History and Plenty. 




ROSTRUM AND GATE OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL CEMETERY 
This appropriate resting-place for the Union soldiers who fell at Gettysburg was consecrated to that purpose. November 19, 1863. On that occasion President 
Abraham Lincoln delivered the famous "Gettysburg Address." a brief but immortal speech, saying in part: "We cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot 
hallow this ground. The brave men. living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far beyomd our power to add or detract. It is for us. the living, 
rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. That this nation, under God, shall have a new 
birth of freedom." The view shows the beautiful entrance with the Reynolds statue beyond, and in the upper left corner the rostrum, from which has been 
delivered many stirring orations. 




THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL CEMETERY 
The grounds of this great National Cemetery cover seventeen acres on Cemetery Hill. It was planned and completed by authority of the State of Pennsyl- 
vania, but later was turned over to the care of the National Government. There are eighteen sections for each of the Northern States represented in the battle; 
three'for the unknown dead, and one for the United States Regular Army, making twenty-two sections in all. The bodies lie with feet toward the National Monu- 
ment in the center. A total of thirty-five hundred and ninety soldiers are buried here, of which nine hundred and seventy-nine are among the unknown dead. The 
headstones of the identified form the long granite arcs. The unidentified have each a separate marker. 



